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:For the Playboy Playmate, see Janice Raymond (Playmate).

Janice G. Raymond is professor emerita of women's studies and medical ethics at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst. Raymond is also Co-Executive Director of the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW).

Raymond has been the recipient of grants from the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. National Institute of Justice, the Ford Foundation, the United States Information Agency, the National Science Foundation, the Norwegian Organization for Research and Development (NORAD), and UNESCO.

Raymond is also known for The Transsexual Empire, a controversial 1979 book on transsexuality that was influential within several areas of feminism. In the book, which focuses primarily on male-to-female transsexualism, Raymond attacks transsexualism as based on the "patriarchal myths" of "male mothering," and "making of woman according to man's image." She claims this is done in order "to colonise feminist identification, culture, politics and sexuality," adding:

:All transsexuals rape women's bodies by reducing the real female form to an artifact, appropriating this body for themselves .... Transsexuals merely cut off the most obvious means of invading women, so that they seem non-invasive. (Raymond, 1979: 104)

The biological determinism Raymond proposes has been challenged by subsequent schools of feminist thought.

Publications

*Raymond J. The Transsexual Empire (1979 and 1994; reprinted by Teachers College, Columbia University, New York; Editions du Seuil, Paris)

*Raymond J. A Passion for Friends (1986: Beacon Press, Boston; the Women's Press, London; Frauenoffensive, Munich)

*Raymond J. RU 486: Misconceptions, Myths and Morals (1991: Spinifex Press, Melbourne; Konkret Literatur Verlag, Hamburg; Narigrantha Prabartan, Dhaka, Bangladesh)

*Raymond J. Women as Wombs: Reproductive Technologies and the Battle Over Women's Freedom (1993: HarperSanFrancisco; Spinifex Press, Melbourne; Frauenoffensive, Munich)

*Raymond J. Report to the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women: Prostitution and Trafficking (1995: Coalition Against Trafficking in Women).

*The Sexual Liberals and the Attack on Feminism by Dorchen Leidholdt and Janice Raymond, published 1990 by Pergammon Press ISBN 0080374573

External links

*The Empire Strikes Back: A Posttranssexual Manifesto by Sandy Stone.

*Where did we go wrong? Feminism and trans theory- two teams on the same side? by Stephen Whittle, 2000.

Raymond, Janice

Category:American essayists

The Wikipedia article is licensed under http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html and uses material from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janice_Raymond.